Distillation Definition in Chemistry

In the most general sense, distillation means to purify something. For example, one you might distill the main point from a story. In chemistry, distillation refers to a particular method of purifying liquids: Distillation Definition Distillation is the technique of heating a liquid to create vapor which is collected when cooled separate from the original liquid. Its based on the different boiling point or volatility values of the components. The technique may be used to separate components of a mixture or to aid in purification. The equipment used for distillation may be called a  distillation apparatus or  still. A structure designed to house one or more stills is termed a distillery. Distillation Example Pure water can be separated from salt water through distillation. Salt water is boiled to create form steam, but the salt remains in the solution. The steam is collected and allowed to cool back into salt-free water. The salt remains in the original container. Uses of Distillation Distillation has many applications: Its used in chemistry to separate and purify liquids.Distillation is used to make alcoholic beverages, vinegar, and purified water.Its one of the oldest methods of desalinating water. Distilled water dates back to at least 200 AD, when it was described by Greek philosopher Alexander of Aphrodisias.Distillation is used on an industrial scale to purify chemicals.The fossil fuel industry uses distillation to separate components of crude oil to make chemical feedstock and fuel. Types of Distillation Types of distillation include: Batch Distillation - A mixture of two volatile substances is heated until it boils. The vapor will contain a higher concentration of the more volatile component, so more of it will be condensed and removed from the system. This changes the ratio of components in the boiling mixture, raising its boiling point. If there is a large difference in the vapor pressure between the two components, the boiled liquid will become higher in the less volatile component, while the distillate will be mostly the more volatile component. Batch distillation is the most common type of distillation used in a laboratory. Continuous Distillation - Distillation is ongoing, with new liquid fed into the process and separated fractions continuously removed. Because new material is input, the concentrations of the components should not change as in batch distillation. Simple Distillation - In simple distillation, vapor enters a condenser, cools, and is collected. The resulting liquid has a composition identical to that of the vapor, so simple distillation is used when components have greatly different boiling points or to separate volatile from non-volatile components. Fractional Distillation - Both batch and continuous distillation may incorporate fractional distillation, which involves use of a fractionating column above the distillation flask. The column offers more surface area, allowing for more efficient condensation of vapor and an improved separation. A fractionating column may even be set up to include subsystems with separate liquid-vapor equilibrium values. Steam Distillation - In steam distillation, water is added to the distilling flask. This lowers the boiling point of the components so they may be separated at a temperature below their decomposition point. Other types of distillation include vacuum distillation, short-path distillation, zone distillation, reactive distillation, pervaporation, catalytic distillation, flash evaporation, freeze distillation, and extractive distillation,

Managing Human Resources - 4517 Words

Managing Human Resources Contents Introduction 1 Task 1 1 1.1 The Guest’s model of Human Resource Management 1 1.2 The differences between Story’s definitions of HRM, personnel and Industrial Relations (IR) practices: 3 1.3 The implications of developing a strategic approach to HRM for line managers and employees in organizations 5 Task2 6 2.1 A model of flexibility is applied in my organization 6 2.2 The types of flexibility developed in my organization 7 2.3 The use of flexible working practices from both the employee and the employer perspective: 7 2.4 The impact that changes in the labor market have had on flexible working practices 8 Task 3 9 3.1 Explain the forms of†¦show more content†¦Soft HRM is also related to the goals of flexibility and adaptability and implies that communication plays a crucial role in management (Storey and Sisson, 1993). Hard HRM is a kind of strategy where employees are considered as resource that either profitable or a detriment to the company. Employees are seen much like production equipment. The main focus is on the growth of the organization and achieving its goal and target. Issues associated with the employee benefit are short term. This strategy focuses on getting the job done instead of rewarding for performance. The organization I have been working for there I will try to implement the soft HRM model as it focuses on longer term workforce planning and regular two way communication which helps to understand the feelings of employee too. If we implement this soft HRM model the employees will be more empowered and encouraged to take responsibility and motivate them to perform better. 1.2 The differences between Story’s definitions of HRM, personnel and Industrial Relations (IR) practices: Though human resource management and personnel and industrial relations focus on people management, if we examine moreShow MoreRelatedManaging Human Resources1010 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿P.1.1 This assissment is going to be about Human Resource Management and it’s going to contain information about different perspectives of human resources management and what the role involves. . HRM system is based on HR system , both work together to the same way. The example is HR strategies defining the direction in which HRM intends to go. We got few models of HRM , one I want to describe is Guest’s Model of HRM. David Guest’s model of HRM has 6 dimensions of analysis : HRM strategy HRMRead MoreManaging Human Resources3895 Words   |  16 PagesAssignment On Managing Human Resources Task | Table of contents | Page | Introduction | 04 | Task 01 | 1.1 Explain Guest’s model of HRM as applicable to the above company. | 05 | | 1.2 Compare the differences between Storey’s definitions of HRM, personnel and IR practices in the above context. | 05 | | 1.3 Assess the implications for line managers and employees of developing a strategic approach to HRM in a company like Unilever. | 06 | Task 02 | 2.1 ExplainRead MoreManaging Global Human Resources2493 Words   |  10 PagesMANAGING GLOBAL HUMAN RESOURCES The environment in which business competes is rapidly becoming globalized. More and more companies are entering international markets by exporting their products overseas, building plants in other countries, and entering into alliances with foreign companies. Global competition is driving changes in organizations throughout the world. Companies are attempting to gain a competitive advantage, which can be provided by international expansion. Deciding whether to enterRead MoreThe Managing Human Resources Class1032 Words   |  5 PagesThe Managing Human Resources class has been a great experience for me. My perception of HR has changed since we started the class. In the beginning of class, I thought all HR departments were the same as the only one I’ve ever experienced throughout my career; which happens to be with the Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency (TWRA). I now understand HR can be much more and TWRA’s HR is not providing many of the services it could be. Unfo rtunately, TWRA’s HR is only delivering functional expertiseRead MoreManaging Human Resource Management And Its Environment1654 Words   |  7 PagesManaging Human Resources In the book Fundamentals of Human Resource Management Sixth Edition by Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhart and Wright, chapter one managing human resources gives an outline of human resource management, also known as (HRM), and its environment. Chapter one talks about the understanding, company performance, responsibilities, skills, ethics, and careers of human resource management. Many may know what HRM stands for, human resource management, but do we really know the true meaningRead MoreCase Study : Managing Human Resource1966 Words   |  8 PagesCase Study for Managing Human Resource Case study for Managing Human Resource Harrods is a brand that is recognised all over the world. Its Knightsbridge store has 1 million square feet of selling space with over 330 different departments. Its global reputation and prestige is instilled through its brand values. Brand values represent what an organisation stands for. Harrods values are – British; Luxury; Service; Innovation and Sensation. This case study demonstrates the integral role that Harrods’Read More Managing Global Human Resources Essay2450 Words   |  10 Pagescountries is no simple matter and many human resource issues surface. (Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhart, and Wright; 534) Doing business globally requires that adaptations be made to reflect cultural and other factors that differ from country to country and from continent to continent. The nature and stability of political systems vary in character and stability, with contracts suddenly becoming unenforceable because of internal political factors. Human resource regulations and laws vary among countriesRead MoreManaging International Human Resource Management1860 Words   |  8 Pagesturn created the need for International Human Resource Management (IHRM) roles (Scullion, 2001). Human resource management is progressively becoming a major factor that can determine the success or failure of MNC’s. Scullion (2001) concluded that HR strategies play a vital role in implementation and control in MNC’s, and alignment between HR strategies and the organisational structure of MNC’s often results in superior outcomes. In order to strive, human resources must be managed effectively to gainRea d MoreHuman Resource Management : The Effective Methodology Of Managing Human Capital956 Words   |  4 Pagestopic is Human Resource Management: The effective Methodology of Managing Human Capital. The second topic is The Constraint of Women in Leadership Roles. The demand of a transforming world influences roles in human resource management and women occupying leadership position. Both topics depth with challenges that produce opportunities to structure organizations future. In order to sustain the advancement of the United States economy, organizations need restructure the way its Human Resource administrateRead MoreManaging Human Resources : An Exercise Depth Study On Human Resource Management3430 Words   |  14 Pages Title: Managing Human Resources: An In Depth Study on Human Resources Module Name: Module No: Group: Submission Deadline: Executive Summary: Human resource management is an integral function of an organization. It is the specialized field of study with realization that employees play a vital role in the achievement of the overall objectives and goals of an organization. We conduct an assignment on Human Resource Management of Harrods. The assignment is divided into four parts

Self-Reflection for Corporate Responsibilities - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theSelf-Reflection for Corporate Responsibilities. Answer: The lessons that have been taken up by me, on ethics and sustainability. Business ethics is important to be imparted such that ethical decision making and lessons on emerging business ethics could be learned. In these lessons, the various chapters that are learned include emerging business ethical issues, ethical decision making, stakeholder relationships, corporate social responsibilities. I have learnt the philosophies and values that have to be incorporated at a personal level, to ensure ethical business. I have also learned about ethical leadership and globalization of the ethical decision-making. Thus, these lessons are important for me. The knowledge imparted is essential to ensure ethical business and decision-making[1]. I have learned about the importance of ethics in business. The importance of the identification of the various stakeholders in a business has been described in the lessons. Stakeholders are defined as people who possess a stake or claim on a company and have an active participation in the companys operations. I have gained knowledge about the various theories of stakeholder analysis. These include the normative approach, the descriptive apporch and the instrumental approach[2]. The stakeholders are mainly of two types, the primary and secondary stakeholders. The primary stakeholders are the people, whose contributions are essential for the survival of the company[3]. The secondary stakeholders do not engage directly in the transactions of the companies[4]. Social corporate responsibilities have to be taken up by the business organizations, in order to gain competitive advantages, and establish them as sustainable business. The foundation values for identifying the ethical issues incl ude integrity, honesty as well as fairness. The various ethical issues identified in business includes misuse of the various resources of the company, along with theft, assault or false accusation. Bribery and discrimination are also some of the ethical business issues that the employees should refrain[5]. The various kinds of frauds that take place in business are also shed light upon in the lessons learned by me. Ethical decision-making are important from business perspective[6]. I have understood the significance of ethical decision-making and learned about various decision-making practices. Knowledge about ethical decisions will help me make good decisions, which are useful from the business perspective. The lessons learned by me includes the incorporation of values and morale that needs to be incorporated by individuals, such that ethical group decisions could be taken up. The various stages of cognitive morale development and its challenges are also learned. I have developed ideas regarding the white-collar crimes that take place in business and the philosophies and values that are important to be incorporated. I have developed a clear idea regarding the responsibility of the corporation regarding the stakeholders. The needs for business ethics programs have also been understood[7]. The requirements for the ethics and compliance programs include the various standards and procedures, high-level personnel, training programs given to the employees, consistent enforcement of the standards[8]. I have also become aware of the various codes of conduct that needs to be followed in business. Every business organization needs to ensure that the employees abide by the ethical considerations s uccessfully, such that the ethical issues could be mitigated[9]. Moreover, I have learned the importance of abidance with the ethical and legal policies in order to ensure compliance with the ethical considerations. Ethical auditing needs to be conducted in the business organization such that the benefits of the ethical audition could be implemented in the business organizations. The various control systems in the business ethics includes the formal control, process control as well as the output control. I have developed a clear idea, regarding the importance of these controls in the business ethics. Bibliography Crane, Andrew, and Dirk Matten.Business ethics: Managing corporate citizenship and sustainability in the age of globalization. Oxford University Press, 2016. Halinen, Aino, and Pivi Jokela. "Exploring Ethics in Business Networks: Propositions for Future Research." InExtending the Business Network Approach, pp. 333-356. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. Hoffman, W. Michael, Robert E. Frederick, and Mark S. Schwartz, eds.Business ethics: Readings and cases in corporate morality. John Wiley Sons, 2014. Ward, Sharon, Scott Killingsworth, Andrew Leigh, Anthony Smith Meyer, Ludo Van der Heyden, and Phillip Weights. "Ethics in Business."Business Compliance4, no. 3-4 (2015): 75-91. Weiss, Joseph W.Business ethics: A stakeholder and issues management approach. Berrett-Koehler Publishers, 2014.